Study On The Structure Of Brac Bank Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 20 Words: 5917 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? BRAC Bank is a scheduled commercial bank. It is established in Bangladesh as a public limited company. 4th July 2001 the bank started its journey in Bangladesh under the banking company act 1991. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Study On The Structure Of Brac Bank Finance Essay" essay for you Create order On May 20, 1999 the bank established as a bank which is limited by the share. Building a profitable and social responsible organization is the corporate vision of the BRAC Bank. The main vision of this bank is to be a market leader and give loan and banking service to the business and individuals of those competitive markets. In February 2003 new executive vice president was appointed in BRAC Bark. His name was Amin and he was a director of American express Bank Ltd. before joining in BRAC Bank Ltd. He also helped BRAC Bank to set up capital market operation of equity resources Ltd. Consultants and financial advisers were appointed BRAC Bank in 2005. In 2005 financial advisers of the bank is planning to float its IPO. As a chief executive officer and managing director of BRAC Bank Ltd. Imran Rahman has been appointed in May 1, 2006. It earned a net profit of Tk. 216.95 million as per its half yearly on June 30, 2007. Shahidul Hague Sikder securities Ltd. has with drown one of its a member of Dhaka Stock exchange. 31st December 2008 a result came to the BRAC Bank Ltd. Share holders from 10th annual general meeting that share holders of BRAC Bank Ltd. have approved 30% of stock dividend for the year. This meeting of the company held in the city Sunday. 6 July 2009, most significant years for BRAC Bank. It issues 1392304 ordinary shores of Tk. 100 each at a ratio of 1:30. The Bank also provides best-in-the class services by ensuring latest information technology. Continuously BRAC Bank gives a close attention on the enterprises in rural and urban areas and introduced relationships banking in Bangladesh. As a result Bank able to access market opportunity and raise their profit in the banking sector. BRAC Bank introduces double bottom line agenda, which help the bank to take profit and social responsibility to hand in hand. The main goal of this type of agenda is to establish poverty free and knowledgeable Bangladesh BRAC Bank also provides support to th e enterprise which is more then 200000. As a result of its activities in July 2001 the bank established in 71 branches, 429 offices, 60 SME sales center and 200+ ATMs across country (as on June 30, 2010). The shares of this bank are brought by several organizations BRAC bank also hold some share form those. We are giving some short description about it. Shareholding Structure As on March 31, 2010 Name of Shareholder % of Shareholding BRAC 38.79% International Finance Corporation 5.38% Shore Cap International Limited 6.99% Non-Resident Bangladeshi 0.45% Mutual Funds 4.07% Institutions and General Public 45.48% Vision: There are some events that will take by the BRAC bank to improve itself. Such as, it will build a knowledge based organization. The employer of this bank will continue to learn about there customer and colleagues with a view to add their value in the market. Employer will try to improve themselves, devoted himself to solve problem, to give excellence in service and to prove the efficiency of those sectors. BRAC bank is trying to focus on markets and Business with a view to growth potential by providing a profitable and socially responsible financial institution. Corporate Values Our Strength emanates from our owner-BRAC. This means, we will hold the following values and will be guided by them as we do our jobs. Value the fact that we are a member of the BRAC family. Creating an honest, open and enabling environment Have a strong customer focus and build relationships based on integrity, superior service and mutual benefit. Strive for profit sound growth. Board of Directors of BRAC Bank Limited The Board of Directors of BRAC Bank Limited includes: Mr. Muhammad A (Rumee) Ali Chairman Mr. Shib Narayan Kairy Director Mr. Quazi Md. Shariful Ala Director Ms. Nihad Kabir Director (Independent) Dr. Hafiz G.A. Siddiqi Director Mr. Mark A. Coffey (Nominated by ShoreCap International Limited) Ms. Tamara Hasan Abed Director Mr. Syed Mahbubur Rahman Managing Director and CEO Members of BRAC Bank Limited Management Committee Mr. Syed Mahbubur Rahman, Mr. Mohammad Mamdudur Rashid, Mr. Nabil Mustafizur Rahman, Mr. Syed Faridul Islam, Mr. Rais Uddin Ahmad, Ms. Tahniyat Ahmed Karim, Mr. Firoz Ahmed Khan, Mr. Mohammed Rahmat Pasha, Mr. Zeeshan Kingshuk Huq. Heads of various departments are arranged a committee is called mancom. It is consist at managing director and Deputy managing director. Mancom arrange a formal meeting which gives a result of the performance of different departments. This meeting also includes growth, issues and future plans. BARC bank arrange board meeting every month. Town hall meeting are arranged twice in every year. In front of all members MD gives an over view of the bank progress. Besides these BRAC bank arrange steering committee meeting, ALCO meeting, ERMC meeting and credit committee. Corporate cash management services Cash and trade of corporate institutions provides various operational supports by the corporate cash management services. This operational unit provides services and supports, including nationwide collection services (NCS), Payment transfer services (PTS) as well as mobile banking services (MBS) CMS strives to ensure smooth and uninterrupted quality services to our valued corporate clients. Mobile banking service At the premise of customer, mobile banking service s refers to providing banking services through setting up booths. We are collecting utility bills of the utility service provider under this service and by setting the booth at their places, MBS made it easier to pay the tution fees of the private universities. All collected funds are deposited to the clients account at the end of the day with nearest BBL Branches. Corporate Repayment Closing Cash and trade, emerging business and large corporate of corporate institutions provide various operational services with closing and repayment. A corporate customer may have several opportunity sanctioned therefore relationship manager. Specifically mention the number and details of the loan account to be repaid and closing. Retail banking services loan Loan repayment Loan rescheduling and restructuring Loan closing Loan clearance SME banking service SME repayment unit SME loan closing unit SME clearance unit Retail banking service FDR closing DPS closing CASA closing Automated banking ATM Three types of ATMs are presently used in BBL ATM booths: GRG Diebold Wincor Facilities of BRAC bank ATM Withdraw cash 24 hours a day by using credit/debit cards Account balance inquiry Account mini statement Pin change of debit/credit card Post Paid Bill Payment (GP) BBL credit Card Bill Payment Upcoming facilities Chequebook request Utility and/household bill payment Fund transfer to other account of BRAC Bank Ltd. CDM Internet Banking Upcoming facilities Open an account Set up automatic payment Receive bills electronically Request e-mail notification Review payments Review transfer Order checkbook Order statement copy Stop check payment Stop sending cancelled check View paper statement Calculator: balancing your checking account. Mobile recharge Order a Demand Draft/pay order Request for Duplicate physical bank statement SMS Banking Service charge Annual service charge is BDT 200 + 15% VAT. Analysis of the topics Loan Classification: BRAC bank provide high quality financial service or loan service and various product with view to contributing in GDP and enhance there business in trade and commerce. They also provide facility by industrialization, developing export, increasing employment sector for educated person, reducing poverty, developing standard of living and increasing overall development across the country. BRAC bank is a profitable business. It earns profit by investing its fund. So that we can say the profit is the main point of this bank. It invests the fund in many ways. The major portion of that part of income is comes from investment/credit which is a part of customer deposit. So BRAC bank should follow active policy and sound lending policy when it is lending services to the customer. There are many activities by BRAC bank. These are- Working capital financing commercial and trade financing, long term financing, House building financing, retail and customer financing, SME financing, Agricul tural financing, import and export financing. The assessment of loan proposal setting out the term, disbursement of loan money, Monitoring the end use and collection of dues from the borrowers on due dates are involved in lending money. The possibility that the borrower willingly or unwillingly, may not repay the loan on a timely basis is granted by the primary risk. The banking parlance defines it as credit risk or default risk. Excessive credit risk manifests itself in the form of non-performing loans. Usually non-performing loans are used in the banking circle to underscore the status of banks portfolio. Non-performing or default loan is qualified when a borrower cannot repay interest or installment on a loan after it has become due. The loan classification system tries to separate non-performing loans from the performing ones. BRAC bank provide credit facility in the following sectors- Communication financing Real estate and civil construction Consumer financing Industry Business Lease financing Trade and commerce and others Types of loan and advance: BRAC bank provides various types of loan in different sectors. These can be included into four major groups. There are- 1. Continuous loan: The loan which is to be made with in a certain time and in the expired date its full adjustment will be treated as a continuous loan. These types of loan can be converted as doubtful and Bad-debt. If it is kept irregular of 6 months or beyond but leas than 9 months as doubtful if for 9 months and it is leas than 12 months then the loan is called bad-debt. Now we can explain some types of continuous loan in below. Loan general: When a loan is providing facility more than one year to the customer, then the bank finance form the starting to finish. BRAC bank gives this type of facility to the medium and big enterprise. CC (Hypothecation): When a borrower provides movable property as a mortgage for securing loan is called hypothecation. It is a type of cast credit. There is a big facility to the borrower because a borrower takes cc (hypothecation) against working process, bill receivable, sundry debtors and commercial vehicles. The banker has only equitable charge on stocks. It takes few charges from customer. But it is very risky investment for the banker. So it is much better for a bank to take a close attention of their activities and granted to parties with high integrity. The interest rate is 13.47%. CC (pledge): Pledge is a bailment of goods and securities. When a borrower takes loan from bank, bank acquires the ownership of the goods. The bank will not transfer the ownership until the borrowers repay the amount of loan and interest. When the price of the good is decreased from the previous year it is high risky for the banker. If the product get rotten then it is high risky for the banker. The highest inter est rate is 13.47%. 2. Term loan: Term loan is the combination of midterm and long term loan. It is provided for more then one year with a view to established a new industry and purchase of capital assets and the enlargement or various diversification of an existing unit. Lease finance: This type of financing are usually provided to transportation sector. Now-a-days this lease financing is one of the popular financing projects. Rate of interest is 20%. In the lease financing of corporate portfolio corporate holds 24% of BRAC banks total assets.After considering lease financing of 2006 we can see that it has increased almost two times comparing to 2005.here a statement of BRAC Bank about lease financing is given below. Lease finance 2006 2005 Lease finance receivables within 1 year 190,281,648 8,862,532 Lease finance receivables within 5 years 162,976,046 330,285,785 Total 353,257,694 339,148,317 House building loan: This loan is provided against 100% cash collateral and the land building are also mortgaged with the bank. Interest rate is 20%. The loan is under unclassified. 3. Demand loan: Loan Against Trust Receipt (LATR) Under this loan investment allowed for refinement of shipping documents and release of goods imported through L/C. Proceed should be deposited to liquidate the investments within a given period. It is known as a temporary loan. Inland Bill Purchase To meet urgent requirement of the customer falls under this types of investment facility payment made through purchase of inland bill cheque. We can adjust this temporary investment from the proceeds of cheques purchased for collection. It is treated as a classification of commercial lending. Loan Documentary bill purchase: Export oriented industry use this as a document. Here payments are made against those types of documents are deemed as exports and are provided in local currency and foreign currency falls under this head. This type of bill is called the primary security of these documents. After that the client submits the bill and the bank discount it. Interest rate is 16%. Loan against imported merchandise: When the retirement of shipping document and release of goods imported through L/C then the bank take some advances which is used to make effective control over the goods by pledge with a view to fall this types of advances. 4. Loan under SME: Working capital Loan: It is used to meet working capital requirement, inceptive of size big, medium or large manufacturing fall under the categories. Small Business Loan The loan which is used to provide capital to small entrepreneurs. It is provided to the borrowers against collateral and estimation of the revenue generation of the project. Consumer credit scheme: Depending on the limited income of a person this type of scheme is strived to attract the middle and upper middle class population. The borrower should maintain a saving or current deposit account with the bank. It is free form collateral and purchased items are hypothecated with the bank. When the loan is disbursed then it is affected by the debiting loan account. After the submission of the indent, deposit of client and completion of documentation formalities loan amount is sending through account payee pay order and demand draft directly to the seller. We analysis SME credit scheme of 6 different banks then we can see that BRAC bank limited take the interest rate is 18% to 24% P.A. Home repairing loan: This type of loan is used to construction of new land and modernization of th e house/building/flat. Actual local owner of the land is allowed to take this type of loan. 15.02% interest is used for home construction/repair. Personal loan: Personal loan is allowed for a salaried person in different organization to meet his emergency cash need. The Bangladesh bank lest shows that BRAC bank has the highest interest spread rate at 13.47%. The interest rate is 16%. In front of banking service BRAC bank open retail banking services loan which is deals with 4 types of works. These are loan repayment, loan rescheduling or restructuring, loan closing and loan clearance (NOC). When BRAC bank gives retail banking facility to the borrowers then the bank imposed some rules about loan repayment, loan rescheduling or restructuring, loan closing, loan clearance (NOC). BRAC bank repays the loan of Arong staffs and SME outstation staffs on monthly basis and CCU and AM are on the daily basis. BRAC bank reschedules their loan in different ways. They changes tenor which is keeping EMI several times as before. They collect 1% charges of outstanding and 1.5% for unscreened loan rescheduling with a view to reschedule SL. Maintaining all instruction and filling the application cope of loan closing a customer can close his/her loan. There are different types of loan closing. These are- 1) Unsecured loan closing 2) Secured term loan closing 3) Secured overdraft closing 4) Home loan closing Depending on this loan closing system the bank takes some early settlement fees. These are elaborated below. Type of Loan Early Settlement Fees Secured loan 1% of payoff amount 15% of VAT Secured overdraft 2000 flat and 15% VAT Unsecured Loan 5% of payoff amount (if close within 1yr) 3% of payoff amount (if close within 2yr) 1% of payoff amount (if close within 3yr before maturity) Home loan Do With a view to closing the loan BRAC banks RBS take and execute the data and inform the branches. Retail banking sys tem (RBS) deals with three types of deposit closing. Such as, FDR closing DPS closing CASA closing When BRAC bank gives loan to the borrowers the bank can take the following charges as a security- There are 6 types of moods of charging on securities: Pledge:Pledge is the bailment of goods as security for payment of a debt or performance of a promise. A pledge may be in respect of goods including stocks and share as well as documents of title to goods such as railway receipts, bills of landing, dock warrants etc. duly endorsed in Banks favor. . 2. Hypothecation : In case of hypothecation the possession and the ownership of the goods both rest the borrower. The borrower to the Banker creates an equitable charge on the security. The borrower does this by executing a document known as Agreement of Hypothecation in favor of the lending Bank. . 3. Mortgage: According to section (58) of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 mortgage is the transfer of an interest in specific immovable property for the purpose of securing the payment of money advanced or to be advanced by way of loan, existing or future debt or the performance of an engagement which may give rise to a pecuniary liability. In this case the mortgagor dose not transfer the ownership of the specific immovable property to the mortgagee only transfers some of his rights as an owner. The Banker exercises the equitable mortgage. 4. Lien: Lien is the right of the Banker to retain goods of the borrower until the loan is repaid. The Bankers lien is general lien. A Banker can retain all securities in his possession till all claims against the concern person are satisfied. 5. Assignment: Assignment means transfer of any existing or future right, property or debt by one person to another person. The person who assigns the property is called assignor and the person whom it is transferred is called assignee. Usually assignments are made of actionable claims such as book debts, insurance claims etc. In banking business, a borrower may assign to the Banker (1) the book debts (2) money due from governments debt (3) insurance policy. 6. Set-off: Set-off means the total or partial merging of a claim of one person against another in a counter claim by the latter against the former. It is in effect the combining of accounts between a debtor and a creditor so as to arrive at the net balance payable to one or the other. It is a right, which accrues to the Banker as a result of the Banker-customer relationship. Set-off arises when a debtor or his creditor wishes to arrive at the net figure owing between them when separate accounts or debt are involved. SME Banking Services Dedicated support to SME business loan repayment, closing rescheduling/restructuring, clearance related issues, etc are provided by SME Banking. SME banking services have three units and these are given below: SME repayment unit SME loan closing SME clearance unit SME Repayment unit: All daily and periodical repayment of small and medium business and all other SME related repayment issues are handled by SME repayment unit. SME closing unit The duty of this unit is to manage all type loan and deposit closing i.e. repeat loans, matured loan closing, top up loan, deceased/absconded loan A/cs, recovery related loans and FDR/DPS/CASA closing etc related activities as per instruction SME business. SME clearance unit All of necessary clearance to clients after fall adjustment of loan liabilities with the banks provides SME clearance unit. In this regard necessary activities of SME clearance unit are given below- Clearance unit start processing clearance certificate from the system after having loan closing confirmation. Check and process prescribed format to application that should be recommended properly by respective CRO/ZM. For loan purpose and return as per request letter of the borrower identify no. of securities are obtained by bank. SME respective CRO/ZM forward the clearance certificate and redemption authority of mortgage property. BRAC bank collect fund from different sector. After collecting fund BRAC bank manages its fund through treasury. The brief about the treasury is given below: Treasury is such kind of place where we can keep all funds safely and pay out assets to match the inflow and outflow of sources and application of available funds and through this way treasury maximizes the return and minimizes the risks. Treasury is the trainer of the fund of banks. It is a liquidator and regulator that manage day to day requirements. To supply the money market and capital market treasury works and also invests fund. It is manages mandatory liquidity (18% as SLR of which 5% is CRR) It collects the foreign exchange exposure of the bank. On the other hand it manages funds to maximize return with minimum risk. Treasury functions are basically divided into three major/key part- Front office- Initiate transactions/deals Mid office- Check point Back Office- Process the transaction /deals Functional Areas of Treasury Financial Institution: There are three major functional areas of treasury and FI are given below- Money market Corporate Fx Sales Asset Liability Management and Financial Instructions 1) Money Market It has two wide divisions One is local currency and the other is foreign currency. Some of the products of money market are overnight borrowing or lending from call market, Repo or reverse Repo, Treasury bills of 91 days, 182 days and 364 days. Local currency For short-term borrowing and lending money market is considered as financial market. To manage daily liquidity requirements and to comply with SLR and CRR, foreign exchange pen position and other regulatory requirements is the key functions of money market. The products of money market have matured up to one year. Foreign currency Foreign currency is bought and sold by treasury in different value dates: ready, spot, TOM, forward, SWAP. Cash transactions which are settled on the deal date is termed as ready transactions. The transactions which are settled on one day after the deal date are TOM transaction. The other transactions which are settled on the third day after the deal date are spot transactions. A forward transaction is such kind of transaction that takes place away from spot date. And lastly the transaction which is simultaneous buy and sell of foreign currency pair with two different value dates is known as SWAP transaction. Daily exchange rate sheet-that estimates the exchange rate for foreign currencies against local currency and the interest rates for FACY Deposits are circulates by treasury. Different rates are available for different intentions in the exchange rate, e.g. BC for import payment, TT and OD for FTT and FDD issuance, cash notes and traveler cheques buying and selling, TT dean f or inward, remittance, TT Doc and OD sight for export proceeds and OD transfer for purchases FCY cheques and bills. These rates are available in USD, GBP, EUR, JPY, CHF, CAD and AUD foreign currency exchange and USB, GBP and EUR for FCY deposits. Capita Market Length of capital market products starts from one year to twenty years. At present our govt. is offering 5 years, 10 years, 15 years and 20 years of treasury Bonds. Securities market Share preference share, bonds, zero coupon bond and debentures of different maturities are offered by securities market. By playing in the above markets, treasury provides internal and external clients, as appropriate. CRR and SLR, net foreign currency open position, holding of on shore balance is in FCY-all these regulatory requirements are followed by treasury as a commercial bank. Corporate FX sales BRAC bank treasury offers buying and selling of foreign currency against local currency to the customers having their exposure in documentary credit or any other foreign currency obligation . Usually customers buy foreign currency to settle their payments for LC, remittance of offshore borrowing repayment, technical fees, profit repatriation and etc from our corporate FX sales desk the main customers of corporate FX sales desk are top-notch multinational corporate Financial Institution To support- our internal (SME, PBS, CMCL, Retail and corporate) and external clients, financial institutions maintain relationship with different local and foreign banks. To meet our business requirements FI have arranged MOV/agreement with different banks in channeling/loans/remittance /collection/cash deposit. To support its small and medium enterprise (SME) cash management and remittance operations throughout the country, BRAC Bank Ltd. Also maintains about 550 accounts with different local banks. Through its correspondent network BRAC Bank Limited continued its efforts to reach out every corner of the world. A correspondent relationship has been successfully established by BRAC Bank Ltd. And 23 foreign nostro acc with the worlds lending banks, which includes: HSBC, city bank NA Hypovereins Bank, ING Bank, Unicredito Italiano, Zuracher Kontonal Bank, Standard Chartered Bank, ICICI Bank, Mashreq Bank, UBAF, NOVA Scatia, Dreshdner Bank, Banske Bank, Banca Nazionale del Lavor o, Fortis Basque, International Moscow Bank, Cresent Commercial Bank, Bank Austria, Bank of Asia Public Company Ltd. AB Bank Mumbai etc. to provide best of services of its clients efficiently and profitably. BRAC Bank Ltd. Maintain nostro accounts with a number of banks for settlement of LCY and FCY transactions. But it doesnt keep any bond with the non-banking financial institutions. Asset Liability Management Asset Liability Management (ALM) monitor measure and manage the risks associated with balance sheet and guard the bank against and unforeseen loss or threat of survival. ALM position is being placed before asset liability committee (ALCO) and Board for necessary guidance and review. ALM deals with two major risks associated with balance sheet (i) liquidity Risk (ii) Interest Rate Risk. ALM also looks after the capital adequacy of the bank. Advance Deposit (AD) Ratio It helps to judge banks liquidity position. In ideal scenario, AD ratio should be around 82%, as 18% of deposit maintained as SLR. Liquidity Ratio Liquidity ratio (Liquid Assets to Total Assets) is the proportion of a financial institutions assets held in easily convertible to cash form. This ratio measures banks ability to meet commitments or obligations to counterparties when due. ALCO set minimum liquidity ratio 18%. Cash Bank Balances. Call Payment, Treasury Bills/Bonds, Govt. Bonds, Foreign Currency and Shares (Publicly Traded) would be considered as liquid assets. Total asset is the balance sheet total asset. Gap Analysis The structural liquidity gap report calculates the gap of inflow and outflows assets and liabilities in various time buckets based on the residual maturity. The gap is also derived considering forecasted inflow outflow and renewal prepayments options. The interest rate gap analysis is done by deriving gap of inflows (rate sensitive assets, RSA) and outflow (rate sensitive liabilities, RSL) in various time buckets based on interest rate reprising period. It shows the mismatches in each defined time buckets as well as at the overall level. On the basis of gap, interest rate risk for different interest rate movement is calculated. BRAC Bank Ltd. distributes its loan and advances in different ways. These are given below. Loans and advances 2006 2005 Overdrafts 1,622,104,860 1,300,948,646 Demand loans 993,364,955 965,503,471 Term loans 6,537,569,949 4,278,213,605 Lease finance (Note 7.2) 353,257,694 339,148,317 Small and medium ent erprises 9,937,018,916 4,852,960,094 Credit cards 1,229,884 Staff loans 97,194,773 52,344,311 19,541,741,031 11,789,118,444 Bills purchased and discounted 15,424,349 2,194,078 Total 19,557,165,380 11,791,312,522 BRAC bank allows maturity-wise grouping loan and advance to the borrower around the year. Maturity-wise grouping 2006 2005 Upto one month 92,951,763 1,127,324,795 More than one month but not more than three months 404,242,161 555,690,003 More than three months but not more than one year 2,016,426,274 2,703,883,776 More than one year but not more than five years 13,700,432,989 7,274,148,048 More than five years 3,343,112,193 130,265,900 Total 19,557,165,380 11,791,312,522 BRAC bank distributes its total loanable fund with a view to provide loan and overdraft. Loans and advances under the following broad categories Inside Bangladesh: 2006 2005 Loans 17,935,060,520 10,490,363,876 Overdrafts 1,622,104,860 1,300,948,646 19,557,165,380 11,791,312,522 Outside Bangladesh Total 19,557,165,380 11,791,312,522 Sector-wise allocation of loans and advances 2006 2005 Agriculture, fishing, forestry and dairy firm 1,001,916,113 471,634,345 Industry (jute, textiles, garments, chemicals, cements, etc.) 803,394,480 498,123,343 Working capital financing 1,845,968,883 452,225,832 Export credit 303,413 Commercial credit 9,845,341,742 5,890,511,616 Small and cottage industries 579,278,590 233,101,451 Miscellaneous 5,481,265,572 4,245,412,522 Total 19,557,165,380 11,791,312,522 PROVISIONING: After industrialization in the world we can see the eagerness of entrepreneurs in establishing industry. To establish industry entrepreneurs need huge amount of capital which they cannot afford without the help of bank. Banks provide them capital in order to obtain profit. Sometimes borrowers cannot repay the borrowed money. In order to adjust such kinds of problem banks always keep some fund against loan which is known as provision. In other word we can say that provisioning means setting aside fund in the banks of account profit and loss account against possible loan loss. BRAC bank maintains different provision rate on different types of classified loans and advances. Particulars Rate on General provision : Unclassified loans advances 1% Small enterprise 2% Consumer finance for house building loan and loan for professional setup 2% Consumer finance other than house building loan and loan for professional setup 5% Special mention account 5% Specific provision on: Substandard loans and advances 20% Doubtful loans and advances 50% Bad/loss loans and advances 100% Particulars of required provisions for loans and advances Base for provision 2006 2005 Status Taka Taka Unclassified 361,474,865 1 95,581,933 Special mentioned account 26,294,430 5 ,956,711 Classified Sub-standard 50,022,381 1 8,033,709 Doubtful 80,340,767 4 4,908,592 Bad/loss 116,554,342 4 8,677,371 Total 246,917,490 1 11,619,672 Required provision for loans and advances 634,686,785 3 13,158,316 Total provision maintained 646,426,378 3 40,020,211 Excess/(short) provision at 31 December 11,739,593 2 6,861,895 Now we can explain provision for loan and advance based on year given below: Particulars 2006 Taka 2005 Taka Specific balance at the beginning of the year 134,061,42 86,987,669 Add: provision made during the year 171,780,596 93,497,121 Total 305,842,16 180,484,790 IN case of provision and taxation in 2005 current tax is tk 498,511,560 and deferred tax is tk 44,082,214. In 2006 current tax is tk 246,289,944 and deferred tax is tk 7,902,214. Now we can b riefly explain current and deferred tan in different years. Provision for current taxation : Particulars 2006 Taka 2005 Taka Balance at the beginning of the year 246,289,944 110,552,935 Add: Provision made during the year 334,920,000 1 39,777,786 Total 581,209,944 2 50,330,721 Less: Adjustment of tax provision for previous years 82,698,384 4 ,040,777 Balance at the end of the year 498,511,560 2 46,289,944 Withholding tax payable Assessment up to the income year ended 31 December 2004 corresponding to the assessment year 2005-2006 has been Completed. Assessment for the year 2001 (assessment year 2002-2003) is under appeal with the High Court preferred by the bank Against tax departments demand for additional tax of Tk 3,367,206 which has been shown as contingent liability. Provision for deferred taxation 2006 2005 Balance at the beginning of the year 7,902,214 Add: Provision made during the year 36,180,000 7 ,902,214 Balance at the end of the year 44,082,214 7 ,902,214 BRAC bank maintains provision for classified and unclassified loan and advance in 2005 and 2006. Now we can explain the amount of provision for both types of loan and advance below- In 2005 provision for classified loan and advances is tk 93,497 and provision for unclassified loans and advances is tk 145,916,477. In 2006 provision for classified and unclassified loans and advances is tk 171,780,596 and 173,140,004. Provision for income tax is divided into two parts. Current Tax: According to the income tax ordinance, BRAC bank made its provision for income tax. In the review of year 2004 the current tax is tk 334,920,000. Deferred Tax: Using the liability method BRAC bank calculates deferred tax. In 2005 the amount of tax is tk 36,180,000 where tk 7,902,214 had been adjusted as a deferred tax. The objectives of loan classification and provi sioning are as follows- To introduce transparency in the operation of banks. To assess the capital adequacy of the individual banks and to prevent further erosion and for infusion of addition capital by the bank owners. To regularize follow-up and monitoring activities. To strengthen credit discipline and to infuse public confidence in the financial system. To improve recovery position and to transfer necessary amount from the income as interest suspense. To build up reserve over the years to cushion the shortfall arising from unforeseen losses at any subsequent period. To consolidate and provide necessary data, which will help the concerned authority of the bank as well as the government, and Bangladesh Bank in formulating necessary policies. Conclusion BRAC Bank has contributed in the national economy by investing a remarkable amount throughout the country. While analyzing the data of BRAC Bank Limited some findings and observations were pointed out as listed below: BRAC Bank Limited has already achieved a high growth rate accompanied by an impressive profit growth rate in 2008. The amount of deposit and investment are also increasing rapidly. This bank declared 30% stock dividend to every shareholders at December 31, 2008. BRAC Bank Limited has already established a favorable reputation in the banking industry of the country. It is one of the leading private sector commercial banks in Bangladesh with 71 branches, 60 SME Services center, 200+ATMs across the country (as on June 30, 2010). BRAC Bank ltd. has incorporated online banking system in their operation. All of the branches are now connected with this online banking system. BRAC Bank has introduced Debit and credit Card to promote its customers with 24 hours ban king facilities. BRAC Bank has achieved an outstanding performance in receiving foreign remittance. They have made quick money transfer into the country with the help of ATM booth. In order to accelerate the investment in small medium enterprise sector BRAC bank limited established 60 SME service centers. BRAC Bank should give more attention to advertisement for creating more attraction among its customers, which is helpful to collect more deposit and increase investments scope. Thats why bank should give emphasis on advertisement in various media like TV, News Paper, Internet and Billboard. In order to fostering economic growth, to generate employment reducing poverty BRAC Bank Limited may enhance their budgetary allocation and give more loan to the educated unemployed . To make more investment in Small and Medium Enterprise sector in order to contribute in national economic development the bank need to establish more loanable service with a view to the improve rural areas. The top management of the Bank is a key strength for the BRAC bank contributed the growth and development of the Bank. It has already established its banking sector having tremendous growth in the profits and deposits within a few years. Form the very beginning, BRAC bank tries to design their work as a whole with modern equipment and facilities for the speedy services to the customers. The Bank has installed money-countering machine in the cash counter. The bank has computerized itself from the beginning. BRAC bank has already collected huge amount of deposit from its client. Due to lack of government facilities in industrialization it cannot utilizes its fund properly. So considering share market as a safety place for investing BRAC bank using its money in share market. But this type of investment is very risky. BRAC bank provides continuous loan, demand loan, term loan and loan under SME. These types of loan are very fruitful for our country. Besides these another reason is come to us that Bangladesh is a developing country. Maximum people of our country live below the poverty line. The interest rate of those loans is very high relating to those people. If the bank reduces the interest rate of those loans all people might be helpful taking these loans. But relating to the interest rate loan under SME is perfect in our country. BRAC bank offers various types of loan. Such as-secured loan, unsecured loan, secured overdraft, home loan . Instead of giving these types of loans it takes some early settlement fees which is very low relating to the loan. BRAC bank has divided provision into two categories. These are- General provision Specific provision Under the specific provision BRAC bank maintain standard provision rate. That is 20% provision on sub-standard loan and advance, 50% provision on doubtful loan and advances, 100% provision of bad loan and advance. But under the general provision, provision rate is very few comparing to th e amount of loan. The upcoming private local banks can also create threats to the BRAC Bank. It is expected that in the next few yew years more local private bank may emerge. If that happens the intensity of competition will rise further and banks will have to develop strategy to compete with them.

Erik Eriksons Eight Developmental Stages Essay - 641 Words

ERIK ERIKSON’S EIGHT DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES Erik Erikson was a psychological pioneer well thought out before his time. Instead of dealing in psychosexual stages, he was discussing work in terms of psychosocial stages. Heavily influence by Freud and believing that personality played a huge part in the conflict within the ego itself, Erikson was the first ego psychologist. Believing that growth can take place well into adulthood, Erikson divided his eight stages into three that were going on simultaneously (biological, social, and psychological) and five that were developed after eighteen years of age and up. Being trained by Anna Freud, Sigmund Freud’s daughter, Erikson believed that people develop as a product of their own†¦show more content†¦After school activities and beginning school teach children motor, social, and mental skills. A child going on his first field trip in school is a good example of competence versus inferiority. If they do not develop these skills, the child will take a sufficient blow to their self-confidence. Intimacy versus isolation is best exampled by a teen going on their first date. At this stage, they have a very clear sense of both identity and self, and are secure in who they are. In this point of their life, people develop the ability to maintain intimate relationships with one another. Erikson believed that people need intimate relationships with others to fend off feelings of loneliness. Generativity versus stagnation is the seventh stage. Having your first child is a good example, because at this stage people have a desire to create and give something lasting. If you didn’t reach the other stages, there is a chance you may not successfully make it here. The last stage is ego integrity versus despair. It is marked by older adulthood and culminating your entire life of experiences into a whole. The elderly lady you see gardening with her grandchildren is a good example. She has worked her whole life, raised her children, and retired. Now she may spend the rest of her days enjoying life to the fullest. References: McLeod, SA. (2008) Erik Erikson. Psychosocial Stages: Simply Psychology. Retrieved fromShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development1359 Words   |  6 Pages Erik Erikson â€Å"There is in every child at every stage a new miracle of vigorous unfolding.† And no matter who you are and what you do, I believe that everyone will go through stages in their life. Erik Erikson was a famous psychologist in the twentieth – century, where he developed â€Å"Psychosocial stages†. Erikson’s theories centered on issues that were met on specific ages in someone’s life. 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The Importance of Crime Scene Investigation Free Essays

Crime scene investigation is often a challenging and difficult line of work for even the most experienced law enforcement agent. There are some crimes that are more difficult to handle spiritually and emotionally than others. Crimes against children and the elderly are often most difficult to excuse and most difficult for crime scene investigators to process psychologically (Swanson, Chamelin Territo, 1999: 313). We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Crime Scene Investigation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Such investigations often result in tremendous psychological burden with time (O’Hara, 2003: 178). Homicide in generally is often difficult to recover from emotionally, and often requires the investigator become deeply involved in the forensics model or inner workings of the mind of the criminal to help solve a case (O’Hara, 2003). This can result in increasing psychological stress with time. This paper will review a recent criminal investigation of homicide to two young children and the psychological and emotional effects the crime had on the family of the victims and the criminal investigator. In this case the researcher probes into how a crime scene investigation can result in significant emotional, spiritual and in some cases physical trauma to both the victims family and the crime scene investigator. Here the crime scene demonstrates how emotionally vulnerable crime scene investigators are, much like crime victims in many circumstances. In this particular case two children were murdered by their mother who suffered from severe PPD or post partum depression. The event occurred in the middle of the night and was not revealed until 24 hours later when the father returned from a late night work shift and morning binge. The crime was reported to authorities immediately upon discovery. In this case the two boys, twins, appeared to be suffocated by the mother while sleeping one night. The crime scene was not overly violent. The victims home appeared unkempt however, with trash piling up in the kitchen and littering other rooms of the house. The children were dressed in unclean clothing and the house looked as though it had not been cleaned or attended to in several months. Walking into the family area there was a noticeable lack of children’s toys. There were multiple bottles of alcoholic substances and other paraphernalia suggesting one or both of the parents suffered from substance abuse problems. This crime had a particularly devastating effect on me, as I could imagine what it would be like if my family had suffered a similar crime, if my brothers or sisters had been murdered by a family member. Homicide is never an easy crime to cope with. In this case multiple law enforcement agents that were also present at the crime scene had a difficult time coping with the tragic loss of two unique and innocent lives. Not helping the fact were family members that were present wailing and crying out regarding the injustices of the world. Each of the family members present was blaming him or herself for the crime, having recognized the potential for disaster early on but taking no action to prevent it. The father in this case once located and grandparents appeared noticeably distraught. The grandparents were particularly upset, blaming themselves for the incident. The father seemed to waffle between disbelief, shock and terror. The father clearly suffered some sort of substance abuse problem and reportedly was at work when the murders occurred (he works a night shift). Spiritually I found myself questioning how this could happen to two innocent children. The children were not more than a year old. Both were tiny and innocent victims and for moments I considered these parents unworthy of such blessings. Emotionally I wondered what such a tragedy might do to my own family, possibly destroying my motivation for living. There is some indication that the father in this case might be placed on suicide watch, suffering psychologically from these deaths and the death of his wife (who it seems from the investigation took a lethal dose of prescription pills after suffocating the children). The individual lost his life partner but also his children. This crime is in no way justifiable and reveals just how cruel the world can sometimes be to even the most innocent of victims. Even in cases where evidence exists that the perpetrator of a crime was not of sound mind or spirit, there is little justification in cases of homicide. There are in many cases explanations for individual’s behavior, as may be the case in this particular instance. The crime scene investigation here suggests that there is evidence to support the idea that the mother in this case was not psychologically fit for parenting at the time in question. There is also evidence to suggest she lacked the support necessary to cope with a difficult situation. That does not excuse her actions nor her substance abuse behavior, but does help explain how a crime like this could have happened. If I were in this particular case I would have ensured early medical intervention and increased familial support to prevent the severe depression that ensued and forced the mother to kill herself and her children. Clearly she was also suffering emotionally and physically, and did not feel she had the resources or support necessary to seek help and solve her problem without resorting to drastic measures. It is possible she suffered from some sort of psychosis. In this case other family members should have stepped in to facilitate earlier intervention and prevent this horrendous crime from occurring. Crime scene investigations are often difficult for crime scene investigators to handle emotionally and psychologically. While the job seems straightforward at first, with time crime scene investigators come to realize how difficult managing the psychological, spiritual and emotional aspects of the job are. Of particular challenge are homicide investigations. It is vital when handling such cases that the investigator separate himself from the investigation so he or she does not associate what is going on in the investigation with any personal situations or circumstances. This can exacerbate the stress experienced by a crime scene investigator. Fortunately there are a number of support mechanism in place that can help crime scene investigators cope with the devastating and trying scenes they encounter from day to day. It is important that these resources be made readily available in the cases where crime scene investigations involve violent criminal activity. While familial support is encouraging and helpful, support among peers and even counselors may be warranted to help crime scene investigators deal with the day to day. Stress management and other relaxation inducing techniques also may help alleviate some of the burden crime scene investigators face when handling difficult or violent cases. How to cite The Importance of Crime Scene Investigation, Essay examples

Engineering Entrepreneurship for Allocation and Financial Capital

Question: Discuss about theEngineering Entrepreneurship for Allocation and Financial Capital. Answer: Introduction Entrepreneurs act in the static world of equilibrium and they assess the most favourable economy for them to explore the opportunity. As stated by Kirzner (2015), entrepreneurship is a multidimensional approach and entrepreneurs find a gap in the market to exploit the chances. Their concept should be unique that can meet the needs of the customers and the concepts are associated with the innovation, allocation and financial capital. The entrepreneur is someone who takes the responsibility in making the decision in his/her business of using resources, location and institutions. The ideas of the entrepreneurship practices can be found the entrepreneurs' societal effects, childhood and early career. Kuratko (2016), supported this by saying entrepreneurship is a mental act and it is the particular outcome of entrepreneurs desires and forecasted future state. All renowned entrepreneurs are unique in developing self-confidence and competence as they work towards their goals to reach succes s and world recognition. These business leaders demonstrate common characteristics in achieving success in lives. In this study, Walt Disney is chosen in order to show the entrepreneurship situation during the age of 20th Century. Mark Zuckerberg is another entrepreneur that is chosen for showing the entrepreneurship practices during the 21st century. Engineering entrepreneurs Engineers have the technology-oriented background and this technological knowledge can help the entrepreneurs to innovate new ideas to start a new venture. Technology-based innovation creates new opportunity in the market and customers can find the new opportunity as helpful to them. Technology makes anything ease and this innovation can be 'sustaining' when this innovation does not make any significant change in the existing market. When the innovation through technology creates improves of services and a product for the customers is called evolutionary. Moreover, revolutionary innovation is related to the unexpected, however, does not affect the existing market (automobiles in post 19th Century). Disruptive innovation refers to an innovation which makes a new market and network of value in order to disrupt the existing market and network of values (Zappe et al. 2013). Therefore, disruptive innovation makes the new market with a different set of values that can overtake the existing market as well, app-based Uber Cab service can be an example of disruptive innovation through technology. Engineering entrepreneurs' concept is the workbook approach for providing the quick start of business with different subjects. As suggested by Storey (2016), everyone loves the new ideas with new technology and engineering entrepreneurs assess the commercial values before taking risks. Engineers can make great entrepreneurs as engineers can solve the problems as they are trained to solve the problems. Knowledge in technology helps to bring something new to the market that has been missing. Who is capable of conceptualising the issue can fill the void in the industry. In addition, persons who love the technology are optimistic and people are sceptical when it is time to take the risks. The engineers have an answer to move forward in a tough situation. As suggested by Christensen et al. (2015), engineers can make trust, however, technology background can create a positive influence on the business environment. Building a new technology or product cannot make it connect to the customers; the entrepreneurs need to sell this managing the competition. Walt Disney, the dreamer Walter Elias Disney was an American entrepreneur and considered a pioneer in the American animation industry. Walt Disney introduced many developments in the cartoon technologies. There were few individuals who have had a greater impact than Walt Disney on both entertainment and popular culture. In his whole life, Walt Disney got 59 Academic Award Nominations and won 22. Now, the company named as Walt Disney Company, having Disneyland, Walt Disney World Resort and Disneyland Paris and in the year 2016, the company made revenue of $40 billion (Watts 2017). Early childhood Disney was born on 5th December, 1901in Chicago. He was the fourth child of Elias Disney who was from Canada. At the age of four, Walt Disney moved to Missouri where his uncle lived. Walt Disney loved drawing in his childhood and he had a fascination with new technologies. Disney had a chance to draw with watercolours and crayons. When he was 10, his family moved to Kansas City and he attended Benton Grammar School. His fellow in school introduced him the motion picture. Walt's father bought the newspaper delivery services and Walt had to wake up before dawn. Disney received poor grades at school and he started taking the corresponded courses on the cartoon. He attempted to join the USA Army in World War 1 and then he joined Red Cross to drive the ambulance. Walt Disney drew a cartoon on ambulance side and his works published in army newspaper. Inception of entrepreneurship After the First World War, Disney took a job in Film Ad Co. And this firm made animated advertisements and he made his garage a studio by borrowing some equipment from the office. Disney sold his apartment and he started living in front of his office. In 1923, he teamed up his brother Roy and his commercially successful creation was stolen from him, Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. Disney wanted to make another cartoon character and he hit upon the ideas of making the mouse. Thus, Disney fleshed out his character Mickey Mouse and it gave him breakthrough in the year 1928 with Steamboat Willey', the first cartoon. Disney started thinking of new venture with making a film; Disney hired a selected team with animators and artists to make a film on Mickey Mouse. Disney started learning the latest technique of his time to make an animated film. Disney followed the new medium of Technicolour when he used to with the sound on film. Walt Disney needed to make a full-length animated feature film with colour. This project was time-consuming and a project was costly. Disney made a film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and it was released in the year 1937. This film was a full-length animated film in the Hollywood history with using all technical specification of time. Disney loved to embrace new technologies and he used three-strip technicolour in his film Flowers and Trees (1932). Then he developed his sense of technology and he made a film Sleeping Beauty, the first animated film made in Technirama 70 mm film (Watts 2017). Entrepreneurship traits Walter Disney can be defined as dreamer and innovator; however, he was an exceptional leader. In his leadership and entrepreneurship, the love of animation and technology can be seen. In his visuals, all elements have been exhibited; technology was on the forefronts. In his entrepreneurship traits, it can be defined as a perfectionist, fearless and inspirational. Salesmanship Walt Disney was a salesman and he sold his dreams. For his dream, people spent money, resources and wanted to become reality. Disney's salesmanship has honesty as the best salesman has integrity in his works and dreams. In the beginning, Walt showed extreme enthusiasm in order to grant the sponsor for his works and he encouraged others to sponsor for this project. Disney had extreme confidence in his ability and it inspires others to purchase his products or offerings (Mannheim 2016). He is a kind of leaders who can instil confidence to other employees. Disney had the courage to live on his goals and he achieved his scariest dreams in his life. Disney did not leave his project for anything and he faced the worst situation. However, persistence was his motto in his life. Nothing worthwhile is easy in life and he was determined to achieve. Building partnership Walt Disney made a partnership with his brother and this was a dynamic duo to achieve goals with creative ideas (Peters et al. 2016). Both believed in new technologies and they took a cue from new technologies which were emerging that time. His all projects were like creative centres of American film industry. Walt's brother was an educated financial advisor; however, these differences did not bring any changes as they complimented each other (Mannheim 2016). In successful entrepreneurship, at the beginning, everyone needs a partner with whom they can discuss their potential. Moreover, in technological innovation, he made the partnership with corporations and government. He changed the studio to multinational leisure firm with the partnership and innovation. Serving others with inspiration and focus A great leader or entrepreneur always likes to serve others and he liked to help others. He had a paraplegic friend and Walt took him to Disneyland as well as he gave him a front-row seat. Disney was a storyteller and Disney could go extreme for details and he made other understood what he actually wanted. Disney could inspire others with the story. Disney gave different voices to different characters in a film and he was extremely talented. Continuous improvement was his motto and he developed sound and record system that time to develop the clarity (Watts 2017). Mark Zuckerberg, The Accidental Billionaire In today's world, Mark Zuckerberg is young generation's sensation. He is the founder of Facebook, the world's largest social networking site. By the third quarter of 2017, Facebook had more than 2.7 billion active users monthly. Most importantly, at the age of 24, he was world's youngest billionaire. Early childhood Mark Zuckerberg was born in the year 1984 in New York and his father name was Edward Zuckerberg, a dentist. Zuckerberg's ancestors came from Germany, Poland. He was brought up in Dobbs Ferry and it was 21 miles away from Manhattan. Zuckerberg was raised as Jewish. He studied at Ardsley High School and he always excelled in class and he was transferred to Phillips Exeter Academy. In this school, he won the prizes in Science, Mathematics, Physics and Astronomy. In his childhood, he liked to join summer camp and he was a jovial child. Moreover, in his college form, he wrote that he could write Latin, Hebrew, Greek and French. He liked fencing and he was a captain of the fencing team. In his middle school, he started using computers and software. David Newham was the tutor for him to teach software. Zuckerberg did his graduation from Mercy College and during the time, he enjoyed communication tools and developing computer programs. His father dental works were operated from their home, h e made a software programme to connect their house from his father dental office, named this as Zucknet. Inception of entrepreneurship In his university days, he created a programme called Facemash and it selected best-looking person's photos. As suggested by Bakshy et al. (2015), Zuckerberg had books called Face Books that included pictures and names of every person who lived in dorms. In the Facemash site, Zuckerberg put two pictures and this site went up for a weekend. After that, Harvard University stopped this site as it became popular. In January 2004, Zuckerberg writes the code of Thefacebook' and he launched the site in February 2004. Some of Harvard's fellows complained that Zuckerberg took the idea of Facebook from them and he dropped out from Harvard for completing the project. The idea of the social networking site may come from Phillips Exeter Academy where Zuckerberg graduated in the year 2002. In the initial stage, he faced many challenges like the lawsuit, lack of members of Facebook and attraction to sale the Facebook. However, he carried his dream to make the world open for all. He started this sit e from dormitory of his college with just a few users. Entrepreneurship traits By the end of 2005, Facebook started accessible for all institutions and universities in the USA. Zuckerberg thought that this social networking site would be helpful for the students, however, after this, the epidemic started to follow through. However, in the year 2007, Microsoft acquired almost 1.6% equity in Facebook and in the year 2013, Facebook turnover reached $7.8 billion that meant within three years the revenue became six-fold. The extraordinary leadership and entrepreneurship of Zuckerberg was the reason. After that, Facebook acquired Instagram, Whatsapp and Oculus Rift and the start-up turned into a giant (Cravens and Whiting 2016). Mark Zuckerberg does the business for higher purposes and he has only one vision to bring the people close. Zuckerberg believes in team and services it offers, Main earning of the Facebook comes from advertising. The entrepreneurship characteristics of Zuckerberg are: Critical thinking Zuckerberg always tries to go deeper in any types of issues within the organisation in order to make difference in any situation to produce values. Zuckerberg's social networking idea was disruptive innovation and he could go to the computer programming in order to solve the issue. Success comes to him by taking time to critical thinking of the issue. Equanimity: Zuckerberg is young and he is under pressure during a stressful situation. He does not lose his cool and calmness is his success mantra to manage such bigger organisation. He calmly solves all the challenges that come his way. Improving relationship with the employees helps Zuckerberg to provide a solution to the critical issue (Clinebell 2014). Effective Communication Zuckerberg does the employee communication himself while others leave this to team leaders. Zuckerberg is young and he tries to increase the communication among the employees with potential ideas. In the workplace, he walks around the floor, talking and asking the employees about working (Menzel 2015). Moreover, he believes in assertiveness with the attitudes to prove that the services, products and brand and company can change the look of the industry. Problem solving Zuckerberg tries to solve the issue and he tries to do the best possible thing what he can. In his heart, he believes that he is giving the best effort in order to solve the relevant problem that can help the users or consumer (Devinney et al. 2016). Facebook has opened the relationship between the users and solving the users' issue is the first thing comes to Zuckerberg's mind. Entrepreneurs characteristics that are must for entrepreneurs of 21st century but were not so essential for entrepreneurs of 1900-1950 AD eras Two entrepreneurs belong from two different ages; however, they bear some similarities in characteristics. Both the entrepreneurs have the risk-taking abilities as Zuckerberg dropped the Harvard University and Walt Disney sold his apartment for the dream. In addition, both the entrepreneurs have self-belief and hard working as Zuckerberg worked hard in spite of there were numerous allegations against Facebook and Walt Disney continued his studio office in the garage. Money management is another characteristic that entrepreneurs must have (Yammarino 2013). In this regard, Zuckerberg did not sell his start-up and he bought Whatsapp and Instagram. On the other side, Walt Disney was a salesman that could sell his offerings at any price with technologies and innovation. Lastly, passion and motivation are the characteristics of entrepreneurs and Zuckerberg has a passion for software development since childhood and Walt Disney loved the cartoon and drawing since his early childhood. Entrepreneurship characteristics that are needed in the 21st century: Knowledge in CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) In a previous time, entrepreneurs did not focus much on the environment and social responsibility. In past, entrepreneurs did their business for the dream and making money, however, in recent time, the entrepreneurs believe that they need to do something for society (Drucker 2014). In this respect, Mark Zuckerberg made Chan Zuckerberg Initiative' that helps the non-profit organisations and it is not just the traditional foundation. Zuckerberg himself shares only 28.2% on Facebook. Facebook has team Footprint' that helps the environment to stay healthy in order to share and express concern about the environment. Facebook started a feature of marking safe' during the time of calamity. Community management In addition, todays entrepreneurs join a community where they share their ideas and obtaining membership from the communities help the entrepreneurs to develop social capital (Nahavandi 2016). Community management is important for successful entrepreneurship development. In the previous time, entrepreneurs did not need to do this thing; however, organising a community can transform the business. Risk tolerance In entrepreneurship, today's entrepreneurs need to more focused and calculative than the previous generation as the entrepreneur practices are getting higher. The new concept is scarce and risk tolerance ability should be there within entrepreneurs. The economic magnitudes are large and raising fund for the business would be difficult for the business. Conclusion Entrepreneurship in two ages has some similarities and difficulties. In similarities, they share some basic characteristics like motivation, hard-working and self-belief. In engineering entrepreneurs, they believe in go alone to assure elegance and quality in services and products. Technology related information need to get functionality before the entrepreneurs focus on customers. In gaining the funding for a new technology is easier as funding is the turbocharger for a start-up. Of late, for a technological market, the entrepreneurship is getting easy for the presence of online market and entrepreneurs can reach the customers virtually. In previous times, the entrepreneurs have fewer risks, however, in recent time; the entrepreneurs need to maintain social, environmental risks and community management. Reference List Bakshy, E., Messing, S. and Adamic, L.A., 2015. Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook.Science,34(69), pp.1130-1132. Christensen, C.M., Raynor, M.E. and McDonald, R., 2015. Disruptive innovation.Harvard Business Review,93(12), pp.44-53. Clinebell, S., 2014. Snapshots of great leadership.Academy of Management Learning Education,13(1), pp.139-141. Cravens, J.D. and Whiting, J.B., 2016. Fooling around on Facebook: The perceptions of infidelity behaviour on social networking sites. Journal of Couple Relationship Therapy,15(3), pp.213-231. Devinney, T.M., Markman, G., Pedersen, T. and Tihanyi, L., 2016.Global Entrepreneurship: Past, Present Future. London: Emerald Group Publishing. Drucker, P., 2014.Innovation and entrepreneurship. Abingdon: Routledge. Kirzner, I.M., 2015.Competition and entrepreneurship. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Kuratko, D.F., 2016.Entrepreneurship: Theory, process, and practice. London: Cengage Learning. Mannheim, S., 2016.Walt Disney and the quest for community. London: Routledge. Menzel, D.C., 2015. Leadership in Public Administration: Creative and/or Ethical?.Public Integrity,17(4), pp.315-318. Nahavandi, A., 2016.The Art and Science of Leadership -Global Edition. Sydney: Pearson. Peters, J., Beck, J., Lande, J., Pan, Z., Cardel, M., Ayoob, K. and Hill, J.O., 2016. Using healthy defaults in Walt Disney World restaurants to improve nutritional choices.Journal of the Association for Consumer Research,1(1), pp.92-103. Storey, D.J. ed., 2016.Entrepreneurship and new firm. London: Routledge. Watts, S., 2017.The magic kingdom: Walt Disney and the American way of life. University of Missouri Press. Yammarino, F., 2013. Leadership: Past, present, and future.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,20(2), pp.149-155. Zappe, S., Hochstedt, K., Kisenwether, E. and Shartrand, A., 2013. Teaching to innovate: Beliefs and perceptions of instructors who teach entrepreneurship to engineering students.The International journal of engineering education,29(1), pp.45-62.

AEL Lesson Plan Essay Example

AEL Lesson Plan Essay Concentration- the child will control the movement of his/hers dominant hand In order to achieve the goal. The mind and body will be working in harmony. Importance of coordination of dominate hand. Possibilities of control of error. Social aspects and skills- Child will be able to share the activity and respect of taking turns of other children in activity. Order- child will develop cognitive structure for building and being perceptive towards various colors and sizes. The activity will help develop creative thinking. Combination of Indirect objectives will encourage the childs self discipline. Vocabulary The colors of the domino blocks can be discussed and different height of plain bridge blocks can be Introduced. Stage This activity can be adjusted according to childs age and capability. It can be introduced in early age by using only colorful identical domino. Also it can be upgraded to advance activity by adding bridge blocks with different height. This activity is adjustable towards needs and interest of child. Presentation The teacher invites the child to accompany him to the shelf. Name the activity Tumbling bridge of domino and ask the child to carry the tray to the table. We will write a custom essay sample on AEL Lesson Plan specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on AEL Lesson Plan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on AEL Lesson Plan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The teacher might show to child how to hold the tray correctly with both hands. The teacher asks a child where does s/he want to perform the task. Child can choose table or mat that I has to be placed on the floor. The teacher sits next to the child and place tray between them. The tray with activity has to be on childs dominant side because It Is hers/ his workplace. The teacher presents the activity with slow clear movements. Teachers dominant hand will start setting up plain bridge blocks. Before staring the activity the teacher can separate blocks into two groups. First group would De Dredge Deadlocks palmer Into gradual inelegant second group would De colorful dominoes that would be placed on the top of the bridge in the end. Teachers nominate hand will start set up bridge blocks from the lower block. Then gradually second highest block, third and forth-highest block. It this point teacher might ask the child to perform take initiative if he/she is willing. The pair of the highest block will be placed within some space and blocks will be set up gradually into the lowest point. The teacher will be able to put plain block on top of two highest blocks in order to crate bridge. The main part is done. The second part of the activity consists of placing colorful domino on the bridge. The child can be fully involved into pacing part or all of the dominoes. This progress depends on the childs interest. The child can choose the color order. The dominant hand will place domino on the top of each bridge block. On the top centre child has to put two dominoes in the same row. This activity requires great concentration, and eye-hand coordination. After the activity is successfully completed, the child can knock down all dominoes. This is the most interesting part of the activity when child has visual contact how dominoes are falling one by one by touching each other. After activity is over, the child can be encourage to take apart the bridge by replacing each bridge block and domino back o the tray. It is necessary to remind the child that s/he can perform the activity again if s/he wishes so. After completing the activity the child is expected to put the activity back on the shelf. Also child will tuck his chair back or remove floor mat back to the place. This building bridge blocks with dominoes is complex activity that might need to be presented a few more times by teacher. Activity The child should be encouraged to build the bridge from the various height blocks and be advised to place colorful domino on top. This activity will help to differ the colors of domino and height of bridge blocks. The concentration is essential. Point of interest The idea of building bridge will fascinate a child and enhanced placement of colorful dominoes that can be knocked down in the end of the activity will attract childs interest. Exploration In addition, more blocks can be inserted into the activity in order to create extra complex activity. Uses in daily life It is stimulated activity that has benefit in cognitive development. It encourages intelligent thinking in spatial skills. Moreover, building block is strongly linked with math skills in the future development as comparison between height and width. RISK Assessment There is no potential risk in the building domino bridge activity. It is only for childs benefit. Links to EYES Communication and language development Child will gain new vocabulary regarding to new activity. By building bridge and setting up domino will enhance childs vocabulary of color, size and shape terminology. It refers to age 40 to 60 months old children, when they can sit quietly and concentrate and being able speaking, listening and understanding the activity. Physical development Children develop their coordination and they have developed full control of their movement. Personal, Social, and Emotional development Child will experience feeling of confidence by repeating the building blocks with domino activity. Child can build a tower by combining of wooden bridge blocks with wooden colored domino. This activity can be split into another possible game variation. This activity is creative and it encourages creative thinking. The activity could be break into two separated activities. First activity would consist of plain wooden blocks with different height. In this activity the child would be able to control the act of building the bridge and be able to realize how gradually the bridge is set up. Second activity would consist of building domino in the row. This activity would enhance childs thinking in sense of colors, movement and concentration. The child will learn colors and then the child will need to perform precise slow movement to place domino in the row without being able to destroy the row. This activity will encourage the idea of childs concentration. These different strategies could be applied in order to support child with special abilities and characteristics. How the activity can contribute to a childs overall well-being This activity will help the hill to become patient in order to practice when the goal has to be reached. It will build child self discipline because s/he will experience many control of errors while reaching the goal of building bridge of blocks with set up colorful domino. Managing Risk in Activities of Everyday Living Each child need to be acknowledge with safety rules while performing their activities in Interiors settings. Children need to develop self-awareness how to manage risk and encourage feeling of responsibility. The main point of each activity due to risk is prevention. Preventing accident has to be accomplished by evaluating and analyzing ACH activity that goes on the self for Interiors settings. Risk statement has to be established and developed in the details. Maintaining hygiene is crucial point in Interiors settings. Healthy environment can be created by teaching children how to keep hands clean and how to take care of settings items by cleaning and washing them. Another vital point in health and safety is to keep up to date with legislation. Staff and all practitioners have to be trained in safeguarding and give a first aid. These points are a must in each setting in order to maintain safe environment.

The Distinguished Gentlemen essays

The Distinguished Gentlemen essays The air inside the library is fresh and cool, ideal for clear thinking and study. Several people are working at the computers, one lady is making photocopies, others are reading books, magazines and newspapers, children are talking and being read to, and two men are going over plans for the interior of a building. The one sits at the table with a pencil making adjustments, while the other stands and sits alternatively, freely making clear, quiet comments directly to the point in an inconspicuous and friendly manner. He is about 40 years old, perhaps a few years older; fairly tall; balding with long, straight, blonde hair; a high, round, intelligent forehead; small, oval, wireframe glasses; and clear, sparkling, blue eyes. His delicate shoulders are rounded, his posture upright, his legs beautiful and well-proportioned. He is wearing shorts and sneakers, and around one ankle a black, nylon bandage, perhaps for a sprain. He speaks fluent English with some kind of European accent, difficult to place, especially since his words are few and softly spoken, and he laughs merrily from time to time. His movements are fluid and graceful, displaying complete ease and freedom, and, at the same time, a mood of open love, quiet self-respect and assurance surrounds him, creating an open, contented relationship to those around him and to the surrounding space. He reveals an awareness of everything in his environment, human, spatial, intelligent as he moves freely in a continuous, graceful line from one consideration to the next without hesitation or break. He remains equally active inwardly and outwardly when silent as when he is speaking quietly. His appeal lies in the quiet, strong attraction he exerts on his surroundings, a hidden magical quality which brings delight and wonder while ever drawing ones thoughts to his specific features and subtle expressions. One does not tire of noticing everything about him; indeed, one wishes to...

International trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International trade - Essay Example In essence, China’s strategy of protecting the domestic agricultural sector can be seen as an attempt to restrict the importation of agricultural goods from other countries. Different economic models used to analyze the Chinese agricultural sector such as GTAP do not contain any reliable information on the effects of high tariff rates on the Chinese economy. However, several studies have shown that the WTO accession would have positive effects on the Chinese economy. Many economists have asserted that the removal of tariffs and subsidies will have an impact in the production and trade of agricultural goods in the country. Further, several studies on the Chinese agricultural sector show that the country’s agricultural policies have made agricultural producers spend more time in the production of more valuable crops such as wheat, corn and oil seeds as opposed to crops such as fruits and vegetables. It is evident that these policies are aimed at making China self sufficie nt in the production of wheat, corn and oil seeds. However, several economists have suggested that these policies are extremely expensive to the economy since the prices of most Chinese agricultural products are above the prices in the international market. The policies put in place by the government hinder resources from benefiting some of the most influential sectors of the economy such as agriculture. International Trade Background Information The common accord, instituted in 1978, that was aimed at opening up the Chinese economy was a significant factor in invigorating the country’s economic growth. Faster economic success is normally followed by a relative decrease in the agricultural sector. However, in China, this was initially affected by the implementation of the agricultural domestic accountability system. This system contributed to the substitution of collective agricultural holdings with individually administrated holdings. Later, there was the introduction of les s taxation in the agricultural sector, an initiative that was followed by most developed countries in their early years of development (Snape 1991, p. 67). Developments in the agricultural sector grew faster in a similar manner as the other sector of the economy such as industries from 1979 to 1984. However, the benefits of moving to the household responsibility system and the increment of relative prices for farm products were realized later, in the mid 1980s. After the 1980s, agriculture did not experience any significant growth like the service and industrial sectors. The industrial sector experienced faster growth on the eastern seaboard. In addition, trade in the rural townships boomed, which led to rising employment rates. In as much as there was the decline in agriculture’s contribution in the country’s GDP, and employment in the 1980s, there was a subsequent increase in the contribution to GDP in 1990s (World Bank 2005, p. 34). Introduction China is currently a signatory to WTO according to Pigott (2002). This enables the country to take an active part in new rounds of bilateral trade discussions. The country can, for example, demand improved market penetration for its agricultural exports and other products in the global market. If WTO membership improves China’s chances of increasing its access to agricultural products more than other markets in the global market in the future, that would be a significant benefit for China’

US Department of Defense moves to Cloud Computing Research Paper

US Department of Defense moves to Cloud Computing - Research Paper Example In each era, many researchers have carried out a lot of research to discover latest technologies that can facilitate humans in their daily tasks however in this age we can see this idea as a real implementation in the form of cloud computing. Basically, cloud computing is the latest technology model offering on-demand ICT network access to more reliable and efficient information technology services and devices (for example storage, servers and a wide variety of software applications). Cloud computing technology based arrangement puts together a network of computing resources that can be accessed anywhere, being shared between its clients. In view of the fact that in the present always changing financial, political and technological landscape, IT is predictable to offer widespread and ever growing potentials by making use of minimum resources. In this scenario, by keeping in mind the growth of both cyber threats and state sponsored, the DoD (Department of Defense) has started identifying the rising significance of leading safe and powerful adoption of cyberspace. In the same way, worldwide economic events are driving the need for sustained budgetary restrictions and stricter economical oversight. Hence, the Department of Defense has to change the method and approach through which it performs its operations and manages its information technology department in an attempt to identify augmented competence, efficiency, and safety. Â   The US Department of Defense has decided to move to Cloud Computing. This paper outlines some of the major reasons and strategies behind the adoption of cloud computing architecture. This research will also assess some of the major causes those derived DoD to adopt cloud computing. Introduction Cloud computing technology based arrangement is currently delivering computing arrangement, software on-demand and services with the network. This technology based arrangement also presents smart benefits to the private and public sector organizations. For instance, it has the power to minimize ICT costs by virtualizing economic assets similar to disk storage and processing cycles into a voluntarily accessible, reasonable functional expenditure. Additionally, a large number of private and public sector organizations have made initial progresses with the cloud computing technology application. For instance, in US Washington, DC, all the 38,000 city administrative staff members have limitle ss access to Google services and documents for example Gmail. The United States General Services Administration recently publicized that they are moving the nationwide portal usa.gov to the cloud and offered an RFI for cloud technology based structure services (Craig, et al., 2009; Chandrasekaran & Kapoor, 2010). In addition, cloud computing definitely appears to be the expression du-jour in the computing world nowadays. In fact, the majority of researchers and IT experts believe that cloud computing will be turned

Business communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business communications - Essay Example The balance of trade becomes affected in such cases, thereby adversely affected the economy as whole. The Canadian dollar is positively correlated to the strength of the world commodity prices. This situation will boost imports as most traders will find it highly profitable to export to Canada at a comparatively lower exchange rate compared to the U.S. dollar. However, the exports will be affected negatively since it will be comparatively expensive to export Canadian products compared to the U.S. products. In conclusion, the fact that the recent report on the Purchasing Power Parity estimates a bundle of goods that cost a consumer $1 CAD in Canada would cost in the range of 80-85 US cents in the United States is a strong indication that some economic improvement should be done. As the Canadian dollar trends along these ranges, the Canadian consumers are, and will be paying a significant value on their goods compared to their counterparts in the United

General Georges Patton Jr On Leadership Religion Essay

General Georges Patton Jr On Leadership Religion Essay Old Blood and Guts George S. Patton, Jr. was one of the most colorful generals of World War II. Patton went to the Virginia Military Institute and to West Point, where he was an undistinguished student but a remarkable athlete. A cavalryman and swordsman in the U.S. Army, he served on the staff of General John J. Pershing during the 1916 pursuit of Pancho Villa in Mexico, and during World War I Patton fought in Europe and became an early expert in a radical new form of battle machine: tanks(Infoplease, 2010). GENERAL GEORGE S. PATTON, JR. QUOTATIONS A good plan, violently executed now, is better than a perfect plan next week. I am a soldier, I fight where I am told, and I win where I fight. America loves a winner, and will not tolerate a loser, this is why America has never, and will never, lose a war. A pint of sweat will save a gallon of blood. By perseverance, study, and eternal desire, any man can become great.(generalpatton,2010). Early Life George S Patton spent his childhood listening to stories of military heroes. Both his father and grandfather, Col. George S. Patton, had attended Virginia Military Institute, where Pattons favorite hero, Thomas Stonewall Jackson had taught. George S. Patton decided when he was 10 years old that he wanted to grow up to be a famous general. He spent most of the remainder of his childhood teaching himself things that he felt a general needed to know. This drive towards a goal, very evident during his childhood, would continue throughout his life (freeinfosociety,2010). Purpose of the assignment Purpose of this assignment is to provide an argument, based on research and briefly discuss about General George S. Pattons leadership Qualities. Areas I intended to cover in this assignment includes: 1. A brief introduction on George s Patton 2. The leadership Traits shown by George s Patton 3. The leadership Principles adopted by George s Patton 4. The leadership Styles shown by George S Patton 5. Discussion 6. The Lessons which I learned according to the research of George S Patton 7. Conclusion Analysis Leadership Traits shown by George s Patton Bearing, courage, decisiveness, dependability, endurance, enthusiasm, initiative, integrity, judgment, justice, knowledge, loyalty, tact, unselfishness; these are the fourteen written leadership traits by George S Patton. Patton always stayed true to his word and men and never left their side. Even though he called them cowards, maggots, and just about every insulting thing that you could tell a soldier, they still followed him. He motivated these men, gave them confidence, and boosted. Patton says In order for you to be a good leader you must be technically and tactically proficient. Lead me, follow me, or get the hell out of my way, Patton is most known for saying. He wanted his men to wear their ties into battle. Develop a sense of responsibility among subordinates. There was pressure from some superiors in Washington and an ignorant public to have Patton relieved of duty. Know your men, look out for their welfare, and keep them informed. In the end, Patton made a courageous publi c apology for the incident. Another example of Pattons determination as a leader was when he found himself in trouble with military leaders after he slapped a soldier who he considered a coward and a malingerer. These two examples show many of Pattons leadership traits(megaessays,2010). Leadership Principles adopted by the leader Here are some leadership principles that he stood for: 1. Commanders must lead and they must have the authority to match their responsibility. 2. Moral courage is the most valuable and usually the most absent characteristic in men. 3. Leaders always protect their followers first. 4. Leaders always do what they ask their followers to do. 5. Do not go to war when you gain nothing by winning. 6. Always, have something in reserve. 7 Good tactics can save even the worst strategy. Bad tactics will destroy even the best strategy. 8. A pint of sweat will save a gallon of blood. 9. Communications must be quick and effective. 10. Know what you know and what you do not know! 11. Be timely with yourdecisions, never too early or too late. 12. Live for something rather than die for nothing(Bergeth,2007). Example: Gen.George S. Pattons leadership principles are emotional and curious that his subordinates valued and accept whole-heartedly those principles accordingly. The flamboyant Patton applies these principles to motivate his soldiers towards imposing the necessity of their job, how important the soldiers are and always force them readiness and alertness in their reaction, to any unforeseen adverse condition. Leadership Styles shown by the leader Pattons simple plan of attack was to, Hold the enemy by the nose and kick him in the pants. Probably the greatest aspect of his leadership qualities was the ability to motivate his troops via masterful speeches. This involved talking to his troops like they all were vital to operational success; The soldier is the army. No army is better than its soldiers. A lesson many big companies should recognize, it could only better their working relationship with their employees. Patton talked in a language that could easily be understood by his men and respected everyones role in making the American fighting men winners (navaleadership.blogspot,2010). This colorful hero and general of world War II was a chief proponent of the adoption of armored weapons and mobile tactics, whose career climaxed in 1944-45 when, after the Allied Normandy invasion, Pattons Third Army swept across France and into Germany. One of the worlds ablest tank commanders, he played a pivotal role in helping to halt the German counterattack in the Battle of the Bulge (Dec. 1944-Jan. 1945) . Patton was relentless leader, and incurred favorable publicity for slapping a combat exhausted soldier in a hospital, although he later apologized publicly for the incident. He himself was fatally injured, ironically, in an automobile accident near Mannheim, Germany, and is remembered as amongst the most capable as well as tempestuous generals of World War I1.1 This incident was reflective of not just the leadership style of Gen. Patton, but of his controversial persona as well. George Patton displayed an ability(ezwrite,2010) Example: Stickler, Pattons leadership styles shows that he was a completely Authoritarian. But he always look after his soldiers their well-being he always depend upon his soldiers. He always use to motivate soldiers by giving them various extraordinary speeches to achieve his goals. Significant leadership moment displayed by the leader Patton always knew exactly what he wanted to say to his soldiers and he never needed notes. He always spoke to his troops extemporaneously. As a general rule of thumb, it is safe to say that Patton usually told his men some of his basic thoughts and concepts regarding his ideas of war and tactics. Instead of the empty, generalized rhetoric of no substance often used by Eisenhower, Patton spoke to his men in simple, down to earth language that they understood. He told them truthful lessons he had learned that would keep them alive. As he traveled throughout battle areas, he always took the time to speak to individual soldiers, squads, platoons, companies, regiments, divisions or whatever size group could be collected. About the only difference in the context of these talks was that the smaller the unit, the more tactical the talk would be. Often he would just give his men some sound, common sense advice that they could follow in order to keep from being killed or maimed(pattonhq,2010) . Patton was the first soldier in the tank corps. He created the training procedures, the regulations and the methods of instruction. At that time the American public saw Patton as an arrogant man who enraged Americans because he slapped a soldier who was hospitalized for post traumatic stress disorder, which at that time was called combat fatigue(123helpme,2010). Example: Patton himself is a self motivated high morality person, he has the will to win and he also express those feeling to his subordinates with sound knowledge, he says if there is a will there is a way, and the best thing is he encourage his soldiers by guts. His decisions of achievement are known as do or die. He didnt except loosing the battle by showing cowardness. Discussion General George S Patton is a great incredible commander who had born to America. His dream and the ambitions determined while his childhood, to become a hero of the battle to serve as a army professional commander. to serve his nation as a combatant . After his determination he attempted to achieve the goal according to his dream until success. Looking to an overview of this great brilliant person, and the fabulous leadership qualities, I can say he is a brave commander; he has got the guts to fight until blood comes, against the enemies in any conditions to protect his beloved Nation. His leadership shows that he is an all-weather combat fighter. His quotes are great, incredible beneficence that provide to develop a winning attitude for people like us. Now we as a Non Commissioned Officers who are serving likewise as a combatant in Maldives National Defense Force we are pleased to accept those practical traits which proven by General George S Patton. The 14 traits now we are using i n our leadership courses. Those traits can are very important to us and if we follow those traits. Each and every subordinate will have the confidence with their leaders. Take a look to his styles again its freak to apply among us even in a adverse condition. Basically, Pattons leadership philosophy is to keep moving and use offensive tactics against enemies. He always reminds his soldiers that Wars are not won by defensive tactics. Therefore the soldiers have to keep moving towards the enemy and the enemy cannot hit you. If anyone stay behind or get backward during the confrontation. He can be known as a coward, without having the guts to confront in the battle. And for that person its good to dig a grave on his own. The good thing which I found from this leader can be mention about his vigorous speeches to motivate his soldiers in all vital conditions and if I say something bad about the leader there will be very few things to say but with respect and fond to him I would like to s ay the split personality is also important to a good leader, often I couldnt find this Quality by him and in return I found authoritative style at all times. Lessons Learned Regarding the lesson which I learned from this leader can be stated without a end. But the most priority and reason given to fight against enemies I mean the every single war fought against them is to defend their nation from the enemies or any terrorist act he loved his country and also emphasize others to love their nation. Attain the vigorous courage from our past fathers. Dont leave even a piece of land area from our nation to any selfish enemy. I learned as a lesson from this leader that if we hold our hands together to achieve something ( goal or mission ) then it will not face us a difficulty to win. Especially we, the defense forces must know who we are and to whom we are for, The more he declaim his speeches to his subordinates before the confrontation to any adverse condition or person nevertheless enhancing their courage will result ultimately, in several ways of his goal achievement. Conclusion General George s Pattons leadership is sometimes harsh and to the point, but nevertheless its very effective. Generally he applies an autocratic leadership style also he himself is a very serious person. People cannot bluff him while doing their job because he knows his soldiers very well. Pattons leadership methods are very much feasible and surely it can be implemented into todays business environment too, throughout his leadership we could derive experience and also these people could work best in their companies with, having a very aggressive business stance and attack their given market share. Therefore eventually I would wholeheartedly embrace his potential and greatest leadership methods. Gen.George s Patton had been proved efficient and effectiveness by showing his vigorous performance in accomplishments during world war 2 and his own life. As a non commission officer in MNDF my ambition is to adopt some of his good leadership Qualities to my behavior and apply these leadersh ip in every appropriate condition. Reference page Bergeth,2007 viewed on 31 March 2010 http://www.articopia.com/pdf/article-18702.pdf ezwrite,2010 viewed 1April 2010 freeinfosociety,2010 view 1 April 2010 generalpatton,2010 viewed on 31-03-2010 Infoplease, 2010 viewed on 31-03-2010 megaessays,2010 view 1 April 2010 navaleadership.blogspot,2010 viewed on 31 March 2010 pattonhq,2010 viewed on 31 March 2010 Wikipedia, 2010 viewed on 31-03-2010 123helpme,2010 viewed 31 March 2010 SERGEANT COURSE 01 NON-COMISSIONED OFFICERS ACADEMY MALDIVES NATIONAL DEFENCE FORCE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND AGREEMENT I Hereby, declare the contents which I included in this assignment was written by myself based on the Research of the given Leader. Therefore, I can assure you, there would be no Plagiarized pretended act taken by, during the accomplishment of this Assignment. I do except that some parts of this assignment include sentences/information, extracted through the Internet. But Ive been never attempted/intended to adopt those hard works done by the author to as my work. 4 April 2010 Signiture: Ssgt Ahmed Shinan Military Police Maldives National Defense Force